Topics Lessons

115 American idioms, with meanings and examples

Idioms are expressions whose meaning you cannot guess from the separate words. These are common in American English, at work and in the military.

A

A blessing in disguise
A misfortune that turns out to be good.
Failing the first medical turned out to be a blessing in disguise.
A dime a dozen
Very common and of little value.
Cheap flashlights like this one are a dime a dozen.
A Hail Mary
A desperate last-chance attempt. (Football.)
The late appeal was a Hail Mary.
A piece of cake
Something very easy.
Compared with the oral board, the written paper was a piece of cake.
Across the board
Applying to everyone or everything equally.
Fuel prices rose across the board this quarter.
Add insult to injury
Make a bad situation even worse.
To add insult to injury, the taxi never arrived.

B

Back to the drawing board
Start again after a failure.
The prototype flooded on the first dive, so it is back to the drawing board.
Ballpark figure
A rough estimate. (Baseball origin.)
Can you give me a ballpark figure for the repair time?
Bark up the wrong tree
Pursue a mistaken idea or accuse the wrong person.
If you think I hid the keys, you are barking up the wrong tree.
Beat around the bush
Avoid saying something directly.
Stop beating around the bush and give me the real figures.
Bend over backwards
Try extremely hard to help.
The clerks bent over backwards to reissue our passes.
Better late than never
Doing something late is better than not at all.
The medal came thirty years afterwards, but better late than never.
Bite off more than you can chew
Take on more than you can handle.
Taking two languages in one term is biting off more than you can chew.
Bite the bullet
Face something painful with courage. (Military origin.)
They bit the bullet and cancelled the summer leave period.
Boots on the ground
Troops physically deployed in an area.
Satellites help, but you still need boots on the ground.
Break a leg
Good luck! (Said before a performance.)
You are presenting first? Break a leg!
Break the ice
Make people feel comfortable in a new situation.
Marion opened with a remark about the weather to break the ice.
Burn the midnight oil
Work late into the night.
Melanie burned the midnight oil preparing the inspection file.
Burn your bridges
Destroy relationships you may need later.
Leave on good terms and do not burn your bridges.
Bury the hatchet
Make peace; end a quarrel.
The two workshops finally buried the hatchet.
By the skin of your teeth
By a very narrow margin.
Bridget passed the swim test by the skin of her teeth.

C

Call it a day
Stop working for the day.
We have been at this since dawn; let us call it a day.
Call the shots
Be in charge; make the decisions.
On this deployment the squadron commander calls the shots.
Catch someone red-handed
Catch someone in the act.
The patrol caught the smuggler red-handed at the fence.
Close ranks
Unite to defend the group.
The department closed ranks around its spokesperson.
Cost an arm and a leg
Be extremely expensive.
Replacing the sonar dome cost an arm and a leg.
Cover all the bases
Prepare for every possibility. (Baseball.)
The evacuation plan covers all the bases.
Cross that bridge when you come to it
Deal with a problem only when it happens.
If the runway closes, we will cross that bridge when we come to it.
Cry over spilled milk
Complain about something that cannot be changed.
The tender sank years ago; there is no use crying over spilled milk.
Cut corners
Do something carelessly to save time or money.
Nobody cuts corners when an aircraft is being refuelled.
Cut to the chase
Get to the main point.
The admiral has four minutes, so cut to the chase.

D

Dodge a bullet
Narrowly escape a serious problem.
The fire stopped at the next building; we dodged a bullet.
Down to the wire
Undecided until the last moment.
The bidding for the contract went down to the wire.
Draw the line
Set a limit on what you will accept.
I will lend you my notes, but I draw the line at writing your essay.
Drop a bombshell
Announce shocking news.
She dropped a bombshell: the unit is being disbanded.
Drop the ball
Fail in one's responsibility.
Somebody dropped the ball on the vaccination records.

E

Easier said than done
Harder to do than to talk about.
Refuelling at sea in a swell is easier said than done.

F

Face the music
Accept the consequences.
He falsified the log and now he has to face the music.

G

Get a second wind
Find new energy after being tired.
The choir got a second wind after the interval.
Get cold feet
Lose courage at the last moment.
The recruit got cold feet on the edge of the platform.
Get down to business
Start working seriously.
Introductions over, let us get down to business.
Get out of hand
Become uncontrollable.
The exercise got out of hand once the smoke grenades went off.
Get your act together
Organize yourself and behave effectively.
Get your act together before the commander's round.
Give someone the benefit of the doubt
Choose to believe someone without proof.
It was his first week, so give him the benefit of the doubt.
Go the extra mile
Do more than what is required.
Our instructor goes the extra mile for the slower learners.

H

Hang in there
Keep going; don't give up.
Hang in there; the results go up on Friday.
Hit the books
Study hard.
My oral board is in three weeks, so I am hitting the books.
Hit the nail on the head
Describe a situation exactly.
Your explanation of the delay hit the nail on the head.
Hit the road
Leave; start a journey.
The convoy leaves at five, so let us hit the road.
Hit the sack / hit the hay
Go to bed.
Reveille is at four, so I am going to hit the hay now.
Hold the fort
Take care of things while others are away.
Can you hold the fort while I take the crew to lunch?
Hold your fire
Wait; don't react yet.
Hold your fire until the investigation is complete.

I

In hot water
In trouble.
Curtis is in hot water for losing his identity card.
In the home stretch
In the final phase. (Racing.)
One module to go and we are in the home stretch.
In the same boat
In the same difficult situation.
Every squadron faces the same shortage; we are all in the same boat.
In the trenches
Doing the hard, unglamorous work.
He spent ten years in the trenches before making chief.
It's not rocket science
It is not difficult to understand.
Threading a mooring line is not rocket science.

J

Jump the gun
Act too soon.
We jumped the gun and announced the results too early.

K

Keep an eye on
Watch carefully.
Keep an eye on the barometer while I plot the course.
Keep your chin up
Stay cheerful in difficulty.
Keep your chin up; the retest is next month.
Kill two birds with one stone
Achieve two goals with one action.
Studying on the ferry kills two birds with one stone.

L

Learn the ropes
Learn the basics of a job. (Nautical origin.)
Give the new corporal a month to learn the ropes.
Let the cat out of the bag
Reveal a secret by accident.
Neil let the cat out of the bag about the retirement party.
Loose cannon
An unpredictable, uncontrollable person. (Naval origin.)
Keep him away from the journalists; he is a loose cannon.

M

Miss the boat
Miss an opportunity.
Register before noon or you will miss the boat.
Monday-morning quarterback
Someone who criticizes decisions after the fact. (Football.)
It is easy to be a Monday-morning quarterback after the inquiry.

N

No man's land
Dangerous ground controlled by nobody. (WWI origin.)
Between the two fences lies a strip of no man's land.

O

Off the hook
Free from blame or obligation.
The camera footage let the driver off the hook.
On cloud nine
Extremely happy.
Vince has been on cloud nine since the baby arrived.
On the ball
Alert, competent, quick to react.
The duty clerk is on the ball; nothing gets past her.
On the fence
Undecided between two options.
Ellen is on the fence about extending her contract.
On the front lines
In the most active or exposed position.
Volunteers were on the front lines of the relief effort.
On the radar
Receiving attention; being noticed.
Coastal erosion is now on the radar of the ministry.
On thin ice
In a risky position.
One more late report and you will be on thin ice.
Once in a blue moon
Very rarely.
A supply flight reaches this island once in a blue moon.
Out of left field
Strange and unexpected. (Baseball.)
That accusation came completely out of left field.
Out of the blue
Completely unexpectedly.
The recall message arrived out of the blue at midnight.

P

Pass with flying colors
Succeed brilliantly. (Naval flags origin.)
Douglas passed the navigation exam with flying colors.
Play devil's advocate
Argue the opposite position to test an idea.
Playing devil's advocate, what if the radar fails completely?
Pull someone's leg
Tease or joke with someone.
Nobody is being posted to Greenland - I am pulling your leg.
Pull yourself together
Calm down and regain self-control.
Pull yourself together; the visitors are already at the gate.

R

Rain or shine
Whatever happens; in any weather.
The morning run takes place rain or shine.
Rank and file
The ordinary members of an organization.
The pay rise pleased the rank and file.
Read between the lines
Understand the hidden meaning.
Read between the lines and you will see the base is closing.
Ring a bell
Sound familiar.
That surname rings a bell; was he in our intake?
Rule of thumb
A practical, approximate rule.
As a rule of thumb, allow two hours for every hundred kilometres.

S

See eye to eye
Agree with someone.
The two chiefs never see eye to eye about maintenance.
Show your true colors
Reveal your real character. (Naval origin.)
The crisis made him show his true colors.
Sit tight
Wait patiently.
Sit tight in the hangar until the storm passes.
Sleep on it
Wait until tomorrow before deciding.
It is a big decision, so sleep on it.
So far, so good
Everything is fine up to now.
Three days at sea and no engine trouble - so far, so good.
Speak of the devil
Said when a person arrives just as you mention them.
Speak of the devil, here comes the duty officer.
Spill the beans
Reveal a secret.
Whatever you do, do not spill the beans about the transfer.
Step up to the plate
Take responsibility; accept a challenge. (Baseball.)
When the chief fell ill, Deborah stepped up to the plate.
Stick to your guns
Maintain your position under pressure.
The engineer stuck to her guns about the faulty valve.

T

Take a rain check
Postpone an invitation to another time.
I would love to come, but may I take a rain check?
Take it with a grain of salt
Be skeptical about it.
Take the corridor gossip with a grain of salt.
The ball is in your court
It is your turn to act or decide.
I have made my offer, so the ball is in your court.
The best of both worlds
The advantages of two different things at once.
Evening classes and daytime work give her the best of both worlds.
The elephant in the room
An obvious problem everyone avoids.
Nobody mentioned the fuel shortage, the elephant in the room.
The last straw
The final problem that makes a situation unbearable.
Losing the spare radio was the last straw for the chief.
The whole nine yards
Everything; the complete package.
Stretchers, blankets, oxygen - the whole nine yards.
Through thick and thin
Through good times and bad.
The old crew stayed together through thick and thin.
Throw in the towel
Give up. (Boxing origin.)
Soaked and exhausted, the crew still refused to throw in the towel.
Time flies
Time passes very quickly.
Time flies during a long refit.
To make a long story short
To summarize.
To make a long story short, the ferry never sailed.
Touch base
Make brief contact. (Baseball origin.)
I will touch base with the harbour master this afternoon.
Twist someone's arm
Pressure someone to do something.
They twisted Rory's arm until he agreed to give the speech.

U

Under fire
Being attacked or strongly criticized.
The mayor is under fire for the flooded shelters.
Under the weather
Slightly ill.
Craig skipped the parade because he was under the weather.
Up in arms
Very angry and protesting.
Parents are up in arms about the closure of the clinic.
Up in the air
Uncertain, undecided.
Our departure date is still up in the air.

W

When pigs fly
Never.
Blake will tidy his locker when pigs fly.
Wrap your head around
Manage to understand something complex.
I still cannot wrap my head around the new pay system.

Y

Your guess is as good as mine
I don't know either.
Will the parts arrive on Monday? Your guess is as good as mine.
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